[The Rho protein family and its role in the cellular cytoskeleton]

Abstract

Proteins of the Rho protein family (RhoA, Rac1, Cdc42) work as molecular switches in the regulation of many cellular processes. They are involved in cell migration, cell-cycle control, apoptosis, and the regulation of gene transcription. Rho proteins show their activity mainly in the cell's cytoskeleton by taking part in the reorganization of microfilaments and microtubules. In recent years, significant progress has been made in understanding the biochemical and genetic nature of many processes controlled by Rho proteins. Although there are still seveal unknowns and hypothesizes which require confirmation, newer and more precise experimental results allow us to better understand these processes. It has also been suggested to use Rho family proteins in the therapy of some diseases. The purpose of this study was to characterize the significance of Rho processes in the cellular cytoskeleton.