[Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)]

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are a group of zinc endopeptidases responsible for the degradation of most extracellular matrix macromolecules as observed during many physiological and pathological processes; their role in tissue remodeling with aging is postulated. Members of this family share high level of structural analogy and are secreted by several cell types as zymogens. Many factors (cytokines, chemicals, growth factors, cell aging...) are able to interfere with MMP's expression at the transcriptional level. The activation of MMP's zymogens can be catalyzed by different agents: proteinases, Hg salts, disulfides, superoxide ions... Within the extracellular space, the activities of MMPs are controlled by a family of inhibitors: the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases or TIMPs.