[Neuroendocrine carcinomas of the colon and rectum. A unit's experience over six years]

Abstract

Introduction: Neuroendocrine tumours of the colon and rectum are infrequent. They are usually undifferentiated, easy to diagnose for the pathologist and are especially aggressive in their clinical behaviour. Prognosis is usually poor and they have a high tendency to metastase early.

Material and methods: We have reviewed our experience in a Colorectal Unit during a period of six years. Patients with neuroendocrine tumours have been reviewed retrospectively. Carcinoid tumours have not been included in this study.

Results: During this period, 2,155 patients have been operated for colorectal cancer and in five patients a neuroendocrine tumour has been found in the specimen. Mean age was 66 years, three male and two female. One tumour was located in the caecum, two in the rectum and two in the sigmoid colon. Two patients had hepatic metastasis at diagnosis. Surgery was performed in all patients and two patients received adjuvant quimiotherapy. A patient died because of post-operative hepatic insufficiency, another at 2 months and another after one year. Two patients are still alive after eight months follow-up.

Conclusions: Neuroendocrine tumours appear to be rare in the colon and rectum. Clinical manifestations are not different from standard adenocarcinoma. When these tumours are diagnosed, they have distance disease, as in two of the five cases, related to a poor prognosis for the patient. Surgery is the treatment that can offer a greater chance of survival to these patients.