Long-term results of mitral valve repair using autologous pericardium annuloplasty

Abstract

Background and aim of the study: The use of autologous pericardium for annuloplasty during mitral valve repair is a subject of controversy; hence, the study aim was to evaluate the authors' long-term results using this technique.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of 173 consecutive patients (mean age 59.6 +/- 16.3 years; range: 19-92 years) who underwent mitral valve repair complemented by annuloplasty between January 1998 and December 2003. The major causes of mitral regurgitation (MR) were annular dilatation and prolapse of the posterior leaflet. Annuloplasty was performed in all patients using a strip of pericardium treated with 0.6% glutaraldehyde for 10 min. Two rows of continuous horizontal mattress Gore-Tex sutures were used to secure the pericardium to the mitral annulus. Follow up continued for a mean period of 5.25 +/- 1.62 years (range: 1.97 to 9.43 years), and was complete.

Results: Three patients (1.7%) died within 30 days of surgery. Subsequently, five patients (2.9%) with MR (with or without mitral stenosis) underwent reoperation at a mean of 3.0 +/- 2.7 years after the initial surgery. At seven years after surgery the actuarial survival rate was 92.5%, and freedom from reoperation 97.1%. Follow up echocardiography was performed in 160 patients. Among these patients, no MR was detected in 34 (21.2%), while 88 (55%) had grade 1 MR, 35 (21.8%) grade 2, and three (1.8%) had grade 3. None of the patients had grade 4 MR.

Conclusion: The study results indicated that autologous pericardium mitral annuloplasty of the mitral valve provides effective, durable and reproducible repair, and avoids the use of foreign materials.