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Clinical Trial
. 2008 Jun;158(6):905-10.
doi: 10.1530/EJE-08-0039. Epub 2008 Apr 7.

Effect of hypocaloric diet-induced weight loss in obese women on plasma apelin and adipose tissue expression of apelin and APJ

Isabelle Castan-Laurell  1 , Michaela Vítkova, Danièle Daviaud, Cédric Dray, Michaela Kováciková, Zuzana Kovacova, Jindriska Hejnova, Vladimir Stich, Philippe Valet
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Effect of hypocaloric diet-induced weight loss in obese women on plasma apelin and adipose tissue expression of apelin and APJ

Isabelle Castan-Laurell et al. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008 Jun.

Abstract

Objective: Apelin is a novel adipokine acting on APJ receptor, regulated by insulin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in adipose tissue (AT). Plasma apelin levels are increased in obese hyperinsulinemic subjects. The aim was to investigate whether the hypocaloric diet associated with weight loss modifies the elevated plasma apelin levels and the expression of apelin and APJ receptor in AT in obese women.

Design and methods: Fasting plasma levels of apelin and TNF-alpha as well as mRNA levels of apelin and APJ in AT were measured before and after a 12-week hypocaloric weight-reducing diet in 20 obese women (body mass index (BMI) before diet 32.2+/-6.4 kg/m(2)). Twelve healthy women with a BMI of 20.7+/-0.6 kg/m(2) served as reference.

Results: Plasma levels of apelin and TNF-alpha were higher in obese compared with lean controls. The hypocaloric diet resulted in a significant decrease of BMI to 29.8+/-6.3 kg/m(2), plasma insulin (8.16+/-0.73 to 6.58+/-0.66 mU/l), apelin (369+/-25 pg/ml to 257+/-12 pg/ml), TNF-alpha levels (0.66+/-0.04 pg/ml to 0.56+/-0.04 pg/ml), and AT mRNAs of apelin and APJ. In addition, changes in AT mRNA apelin were related to changes in AT mRNA APJ levels.

Conclusion: The hypocaloric diet associated with weight loss reduces the increased plasma and AT expression of apelin in obese women. This reduced apelin expression in AT could contribute to decreased circulating apelin levels.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Plasma apelin, insulin and TNFα levels in lean (n=12) and obese women before and after LCD (n= 20). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. * P< 0.05 compared with lean subjects, °°P < 0.001 compared with obese before LCD. °P< 0.05 compared with obese before LCD
Figure 2
Figure 2
Expression of apelin and APJ in adipose tissue of lean (n=12) and obese women before and after LCD (n=18). Values are means + SME, * P< 0.001 compared with lean, °P < 0.001 compared with obese before LCD.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Individual apelin plasma concentrations (A) (n= 20) and adipose tissue apelin mRNA levels (B) before and after LCD in obese subjects (n= 18). The mean circulating apelin plasma levels is represented in figure 1 and the mean of apelin mRNA expression in AT in figure 2.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Correlation between changes in apelin (apelin before-apelin after: d) and changes in APJ expression in adipose tissue in obese subjects (n= 18). r: Spearman correlation coefficient.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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