Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2008 Jul;31(7):1445-7.
doi: 10.2337/dc08-0116. Epub 2008 Apr 16.

Hyperinsulinemia in African-American adolescents compared with their American white peers despite similar insulin sensitivity: a reflection of upregulated beta-cell function?

Tamara S Hannon  1 , Fida Bacha, Yan Lin, Silva A Arslanian
Affiliations

Hyperinsulinemia in African-American adolescents compared with their American white peers despite similar insulin sensitivity: a reflection of upregulated beta-cell function?

Tamara S Hannon et al. Diabetes Care. 2008 Jul.

Abstract

Objective: African-American (AA) children are hyperinsulinemic and insulin resistant compared with American white (AW) children. Previously, we demonstrated that insulin secretion relative to insulin sensitivity was approximately 75% higher in AA compared with AW children, suggesting that hyperinsulinemia in AA children is not merely a compensatory response to lower insulin sensitivity. The aim of the present investigation was to assess whether glucose-stimulated insulin response is higher in AA versus AW adolescents who have comparable in vivo insulin sensitivity.

Research design and methods: The hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic and hyperglycemic clamp techniques were utilized to assess first- and second-phase insulin secretion. Insulin secretion relative to insulin sensitivity was calculated as the glucose disposition index.

Results: AA adolescents compared with their AW peers with comparable insulin sensitivity and body composition had higher first-phase insulin concentrations.

Conclusions: The quantitative relationship between insulin sensitivity and first-phase insulin appears to differ among AA and AW adolescents.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1—
Figure 1—
In vivo insulin sensitivity measured during a 40 mU/m2 per min hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (A), insulin concentrations measured during a 2-h hyperglycemic (225 mg/dl) clamp (B), and glucose disposition index (insulin sensitivity × first-phase insulin) (C) in AA and AW adolescents. •, AA; ○, AW.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Lee S, Gungor N, Bacha F, Arslanian S: Insulin resistance: link to the components of the metabolic syndrome and biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction in youth. Diabetes Care 30:2091–2097, 2007 - PubMed
    1. Arslanian SA, Saad R, Lewy V, Danadian K, Janosky J: Hyperinsulinemia in African-American children: decreased insulin clearance and increased insulin secretion and its relationship to insulin sensitivity. Diabetes 51:3014–3019, 2002 - PubMed
    1. DeFronzo RA, Tobin JD, Andres R: Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. Am J Physiol 237:E214–E223, 1979 - PubMed
    1. Danadian K, Balasekaran G, Lewy V, Meza MP, Robertson R, Arslanian SA: Insulin sensitivity in African-American children with and without family history of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 22:1325–1329, 1999 - PubMed
    1. Gower BA, Nagy TR, Goran MI: Visceral fat, insulin sensitivity, and lipids in prepubertal children. Diabetes 48:1515–1521, 1999 - PubMed

Publication types