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Comparative Study
. 2008 Apr 29:9:43.
doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-9-43.

Expression profile of the entire family of Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors in mouse and rat

Tatjana Haitina  1 , Fredrik Olsson, Olga Stephansson, Johan Alsiö, Erika Roman, Ted Ebendal, Helgi B Schiöth, Robert Fredriksson
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Expression profile of the entire family of Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors in mouse and rat

Tatjana Haitina et al. BMC Neurosci. .

Abstract

Background: The Adhesion G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors with long N termini. This family has 33 members in humans. Several Adhesion GPCRs are known to have important physiological functions in CNS development and immune system response mediated by large cell surface ligands. However, the majority of Adhesion GPCRs are still poorly studied orphans with unknown functions.

Results: In this study we performed the extensive tissue localization analysis of the entire Adhesion GPCR family in rat and mouse. By applying the quantitative real-time PCR technique we have produced comparable expression profile for each of the members in the Adhesion family. The results are compared with literature data and data from the Allen Brain Atlas project. Our results suggest that the majority of the Adhesion GPCRs are either expressed in the CNS or ubiquitously. In addition the Adhesion GPCRs from the same phylogenetic group have either predominant CNS or peripheral expression, although each of their expression profile is unique.

Conclusion: Our findings indicate that many of Adhesion GPCRs are expressed, and most probably, have function in CNS. The related Adhesion GPCRs are well conserved in their structure and interestingly have considerable overlap in their expression profiles, suggesting similarities among the physiological roles for members within many of the phylogenetically related clusters.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A phylogenetic tree, N terminal domains and general expression of Adhesion GPCRs. A consensus phylogenetic tree of 7TM regions of mouse Adhesion GPCRs was generated by Maximum – Likelihood analysis (Phylip 3.67). The N-terminal domains of Adhesion GPCRs are as follows: GPS (GPCR proteolytic site), PTX (Pentraxin domain), HBD (hormone binding domain), EGF_Lam (laminin type epidermal growth factor domain), EGF_CA (EGF, calcium binding domain), LamG (laminin G domain), CA (cadherin repeats), Ig (immunoglobulin domain), LRR(leucine rich repeat), Calx-beta domain, CUB (C1r/C1 s urinary EGF and bone morphogenetic domain), SEA (sea urchin sperm protein domain), TSP1 (thrombospondin repeats, type 1), OLF (olfactomedin domain) and GBL (galactose binding lectin domain). The displayed predominant expression is based on obtained real-time PCR data.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Expression data of Adhesion GPCRs. Relative expression of rat (r) and mouse (m) Adhesion GPCRs: BAI1, BAI2, BAI3, GPR56 and GPR64 obtained with quantitative real-time PCR. Error bars display standard deviation. The coronal sections of rat brain, marked SL2–SL8, are displayed in Additional File 1. For comparison, in situ hybridization data from mouse (0-no expression, 1-low expression and 2-high expression) [22] as well as mouse and human EST data [23] are displayed on the right side of the figure.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Expression data of Adhesion GPCRs. Relative expression of rat (r) and mouse (m) Adhesion GPCRs: GPR97, GPR112, GPR114, GPR126 and GPR128 obtained with quantitative real-time PCR. Error bars display standard deviation. The coronal sections of rat brain, marked SL2–SL8, are displayed in Additional File 1. For comparison, in situ hybridization data from mouse (0-no expression, 1-low expression and 2-high expression) [22] as well as mouse and human EST data [23] are displayed on the right side of the figure.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Expression data of Adhesion GPCRs. Relative expression of rat (r) and mouse (m) Adhesion GPCRs: LEC1, LEC2, LEC3, ETL and CD97 obtained with quantitative real-time PCR. Error bars display standard deviation. The coronal sections of rat brain, marked SL2–SL8, are displayed in Additional File 1. For comparison, in situ hybridization data from mouse (0-no expression, 1-low expression and 2-high expression) [22] as well as mouse and human EST data [23] are displayed on the right side of the figure.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Expression data of Adhesion GPCRs. Relative expression of rat (r) and mouse (m) Adhesion GPCRs: EMR1, EMR4, GPR123, GPR124 and GPR125 obtained with quantitative real-time PCR. Error bars display standard deviation. The coronal sections of rat brain, marked SL2–SL8, are displayed in Additional File 1. For comparison, in situ hybridization data from mouse (0-no expression, 1-low expression and 2-high expression) [22] as well as mouse and human EST data [23] are displayed on the right side of the figure.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Expression data of Adhesion GPCRs. Relative expression of rat (r) and mouse (m) Adhesion GPCRs: CELSR1, CELSR2, CELSR3, GPR133 and VLGR1 obtained with quantitative real-time PCR. Error bars display standard deviation. The coronal sections of rat brain, marked SL2–SL8, are displayed in Additional File 1. For comparison, in situ hybridization data from mouse (0-no expression, 1-low expression and 2-high expression) [22] as well as mouse and human EST data [23] are displayed on the right side of the figure.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Expression data of Adhesion GPCRs. Relative expression of rat (r) and mouse (m) Adhesion GPCRs: GPR110, GPR111, GPR113, GPR115 and GPR116 obtained with quantitative real-time PCR. Error bars display standard deviation. The coronal sections of rat brain, marked SL2–SL8, are displayed in Additional File 1. For comparison, in situ hybridization data from mouse (0-no expression, 1-low expression and 2-high expression) [22] as well as mouse and human EST data [23] are displayed on the right side of the figure.
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