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Review
. 2008 Jul;122(1):3-9; quiz 10-1.
doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.03.036. Epub 2008 May 12.

Critical issues in mucosal immunity for HIV-1 vaccine development

Barton F Haynes  1 , Robin J Shattock
Affiliations
Review

Critical issues in mucosal immunity for HIV-1 vaccine development

Barton F Haynes et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Jul.

Abstract

Development of a safe and effective vaccine for HIV-1 infection is a critical global priority. However, the nature of host-virus interactions that lead to early immunosuppression and CD4 depletion, HIV-1 diversity, and the inability of the immune system to eliminate the latently infected CD4 pool of cells has to date thwarted successful vaccine development. Moreover, both the initial antibody-inducing vaccine (protein envelope gp120) and cell-mediated vaccine (recombinant adenovirus containing HIV-1 genes) strategies have failed in efficacy trials, and the latter cell-mediated vaccine appeared to have caused enhanced HIV-1 acquisition. Thus basic and translational research to understand why current vaccines have failed and elucidation of new mechanisms of virus control at mucosal surfaces is essential for eventual successful development of a preventive HIV-1 vaccine.

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Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1
Time course of events after acute HIV-1 infection. Adapted with permission from Wong Justin and Siliciano.
Fig 2
Fig 2
Sequence of local and systemic events that occur after HIV-1 transmission at mucosal surfaces. Adapted with permission from Pope and Haase.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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