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. 2008 Sep;10(5):264-70.
doi: 10.1007/s11307-008-0146-3. Epub 2008 Jun 7.

Perfluorohexane-loaded macrophages as a novel ultrasound contrast agent: a feasibility study

Liselotte M Kornmann  1 , Daniëlle M J Curfs, Evelien Hermeling, Ingeborg van der Made, Menno P J de Winther, Robert S Reneman, Koen D Reesink, Arnold P G Hoeks
Affiliations

Perfluorohexane-loaded macrophages as a novel ultrasound contrast agent: a feasibility study

Liselotte M Kornmann et al. Mol Imaging Biol. 2008 Sep.

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated in vitro the potential of macrophages to act as targeted vehicle for ultrasound molecular imaging.

Procedures: Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM), incubated for 3 h with different concentrations of perfluorohexane (PFH) emulsions, were monitored by microscopy, flow cytometry, and ultrasound. Effects of PFH loading on BMM adhesion molecule (PSGL-1, VLA-4, Mac-1, LFA-1) expression were analyzed by flow cytometry. Static adhesion of PFH loaded BMM to unstimulated and TNF-alpha stimulated b.End5 endothelial cells was assessed by microscopy.

Results: Incubation of BMM with PFH emulsions resulted in dose-dependent uptake and increased echogenicity (max. 17 dB). Flow cytometry analyses revealed no down-regulation related to PFH loading of BMM adhesion molecule expression. Endothelial adhesion remained functional, even after 24 h, although PFH loading dose-dependently attenuated static adhesion.

Conclusion: PFH loaded BMM may potentially serve as ultrasound contrast agent for noninvasive detection of atherogenic hotspots in arteries.

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