Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2008 Sep;23(9):1373-8.
doi: 10.1007/s11606-008-0665-2. Epub 2008 Jun 24.

Are patient safety indicators related to widely used measures of hospital quality?

Thomas Isaac  1 , Ashish K Jha
Affiliations

Are patient safety indicators related to widely used measures of hospital quality?

Thomas Isaac et al. J Gen Intern Med. 2008 Sep.

Abstract

Context: Patient safety indicators (PSIs) are screening tools that use administrative data to identify potential complications of care and are being increasingly used as measures of hospital safety. It is unknown whether PSIs are related to standard quality metrics.

Objective: To examine the relationship between select PSIs and measures of hospital quality.

Design, setting, and participants: We used the 2003 MedPAR dataset to examine the performance of 4,504 acute-care hospitals on four medical PSIs among Medicare enrollees.

Main outcome measures: We used bivariate and multivariate techniques to examine the relationship between PSI performance and quality scores from the Hospital Quality Alliance program, risk-adjusted mortality rates, and selection as a top hospital by US News & World Report.

Results: We found inconsistent and usually poor associations among the PSIs and other hospital quality measures with the exception of "failure to rescue," which was consistently associated with better performance on all quality measures tested. For example, hospitals in the top quartile of failure to rescue performance had a 0.9% better summary performance score in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) processes and a 22% lower mortality rate in AMI compared to hospitals in the bottom quartile of failure to rescue (p < 0.01 for both comparisons). Death in low mortality DRG, decubitus ulcer, and infection due to medical care generally had poor or often inverse relationships with the other quality measures.

Conclusions: With the exception of failure to rescue, we found poor or inverse relationships between PSIs and other measures of healthcare quality. Whether the lack of relationship is due to the limitations of the PSIs is unknown, but suggests that PSIs need further validation before they are employed broadly.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of selection of hospitals.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Median and interquartile ranges of medical PSI event rates.*
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Kohn LT, Corrigan J, Donaldson M, eds. To Err is Human: Building a Safer Health Care System. In Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press: 1999. - PubMed
    1. {'text': '', 'ref_index': 1, 'ids': [{'type': 'PubMed', 'value': '1987460', 'is_inner': True, 'url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1987460/'}]}
    2. Brennan TA, Leape LL, Laird NM, et al.. Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients. Results of the Harvard Medical Practice Study I. N Engl J Med. 1991;324(6):370–6. - PubMed
    1. AHRQ Quality Indicators - Guide to Patient Safety Indicators. In Rockville, MD, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2003.
    1. {'text': '', 'ref_index': 1, 'ids': [{'type': 'DOI', 'value': '10.1377/hlthaff.22.2.154', 'is_inner': False, 'url': 'https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.22.2.154'}, {'type': 'PubMed', 'value': '12674418', 'is_inner': True, 'url': 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12674418/'}]}
    2. Romano PS, Geppert JJ, Davies S, Miller MR, Elixhauser A, McDonald KM. A national profile of patient safety in U.S. hospitals. Health Aff (Millwood). 2003;22(2):154–66. - PubMed
    1. National Healthcare Quality Report, 2005. In Rockville, MD, AHRQ, 2005.