Achilles tendon problems: not just an orthopaedic issue

Abstract

Purpose: To review the current concepts on Achilles tendon involvement in various pathological conditions.

Method: A literature search was conducted to trace relevant literature on Achilles tendon problems in general pathologies.

Results: The Achilles tendon can be involved in inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, genetically determined collagen abnormalities, infectious diseases, tumours, and neurological conditions which are not of a primary surgical nature.

Conclusions: Although Achilles tendon problems are classically considered frequent in active individuals from overuse or a single acute episode, problems in the Achilles tendon can be a consequence of several conditions.