Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2007 Mar;5(1):65-72.
doi: 10.2174/157015907780077114.

Modelling anxiety in humans for drug development

Martin Siepmann  1 , Peter Joraschky
Affiliations

Modelling anxiety in humans for drug development

Martin Siepmann et al. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2007 Mar.

Abstract

Animal behavioural profiles are commonly employed to investigate new therapeutic agents to treat anxiety disorders as well as to investigate the mechanism of action of anxiolytic drugs. However, many clinically important symptoms of anxiety can not be modelled directly in animals. Human models of anxiety should bridge between animal models and anxiety disorders. Experimental anxiety states in humans can be induced by either pharmacological means such as CO(2) inhalation or psychological means such as aversive conditioning of skin conductance responses to tones. Investigation of these models may contribute to a better understanding of anxiety disorders, both from a biological and behavioural point of view. In a comprehensive review existing models of human experimental anxiety states are summarized and validity is discussed.

Keywords: Anxiety; anoxiolytic; drug development; humans; model.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Ackerman S, Sachar E. The lacate theory of anxiety: a review and reevaluation. Psychosom Med. 1974;36:69–81. - PubMed
    1. Albus M, Zahn TP, Breier A. Anxiogenic properties of yohimbine. Behavioral, physiological and biochemical measures. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 1992;241:337–344. - PubMed
    1. Alsene K, Deckert J, Sand P, de Wit H. Association between A2a receptor gene polymorphisms and caffeine-induced anxiety. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003;28:1694–1702. - PubMed
    1. Ashcroft KR, Guimaraes FS, Wang M, Deakin JF. Evaluation of psychophysiological model of classical fear conditioning in anxious patients. Psychopharmacology. 1991;104:215–219. - PubMed
    1. Baas JM, Grillon C, Bocker KB, Brack AA, Morgan CA, 3rd, Kenemans JL, Verbaten MN. Benzodiazepines have no effect on fear-potentiated startle in humans. Psychopharmacology. 2002;161:233–247. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources