[Matrix metalloproteinases in the central nervous system: clinical significance and therapeutic prospects]

Abstract

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were originally described as proteases capable of degrading extracellular matrix components. Increasing evidence indicates a much more complex role of MMPs. Diverse functions of MMPs include cellular differentiation, migration, survival or death, angiogenesis and signalling. Metalloproteinases are crucially involved in a number of inflammatory conditions in the central nervous system facilitating blood-brain barrier breakdown, leukocyte recruitment and shedding of cytokines and growth factors. These enzymes contribute to pathogenesis of meningitis, multiple sclerosis and neurodegenerative disorders. While most studied in the context of disease, beneficial role of metalloproteinases during nervous system development and following injury is now being appreciated. The present study aimed at reviewing clinical relevance of these enzymes and potential therapeutic prospects for the coming future.