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Comment
. 2008 Jul;20(7):1728-30.
doi: 10.1105/tpc.108.062075.

Effector trafficking: RXLR-dEER as extra gear for delivery into plant cells

Francine Govers  1 , Klaas Bouwmeester
Affiliations
Comment

Effector trafficking: RXLR-dEER as extra gear for delivery into plant cells

Francine Govers et al. Plant Cell. 2008 Jul.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effector Trafficking and the RXLR-dEER Domain. Pathogens deliver effector proteins into the cytoplasm to suppress host defenses and to manipulate the host. When recognized by R proteins, defense responses are triggered. (A) Effector proteins from Phytophthora are secreted from haustoria into the extrahaustorial matrix (em) and cross the plant plasma membrane (ppm). This trafficking is mediated by the RXLR-dEER domain located in the N terminus of effector proteins. In the model proposed by Dou et al. (2008b), RXLR-dEER proteins exploit a targeted host machinery (?) for uptake and do not require other proteins from the pathogen for translocation. (B) By contrast, the type III secretion system of bacteria requires a multitude of proteins from the pathogen to form a molecular syringe that penetrates the plant cell wall (pcw) and plasma membrane, through which effectors are injected into host cells. (C) The N-terminal part of Avr1b contains a signal peptide (SP) and the RXLR-dEER domain with two adjacent RXLR motifs (RXLR1 in purple and RXLR2 in blue) and a dEER motif. As shown by Dou et al. (2008b), RXLR1 is not essential for avirulence function of Avr1b. Alignment of RXLR-dEER domains of avirulence proteins from P. sojae (Ps), P. infestans (Pi), and the downy mildew H. parasitica (Hp) (Shan et al., 2004; Kamoun, 2006; van Poppel et al., 2008) shows that the dEER motif is less conserved than the RXLR motif but is characterized by a stretch of mainly acidic amino acids (red).
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Comment on

References

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