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. 2008 Dec;25(9):863-77.
doi: 10.1007/s10719-008-9149-1. Epub 2008 Aug 1.

Variation of acharan sulfate and monosaccharide composition and analysis of neutral N-glycans in African giant snail (Achatina fulica)

Youmie Park  1 , Zhenqing Zhang, Tatiana N Laremore, Boyangzi Li, Joon-Soo Sim, A-Rang Im, Mi Young Ahn, Yeong Shik Kim, Robert J Linhardt
Affiliations

Variation of acharan sulfate and monosaccharide composition and analysis of neutral N-glycans in African giant snail (Achatina fulica)

Youmie Park et al. Glycoconj J. 2008 Dec.

Abstract

Acharan sulfate content from African giant snail (Achatina fulica) was compared in eggs and snails of different ages. Acharan sulfate was not found in egg. Acharan sulfate disaccharide -->4)-alpha-D-GlcNpAc (1-->4)-alpha-L-IdoAp2S(1-->, analyzed by SAX (strong-anion exchange)-HPLC was observed soon after hatching and increases as the snails grow. Monosaccharide compositional analysis showed that mole % of glucosamine, a major monosaccharide of acharan sulfate, increased with age while mole % of galactose decreased with age. These results suggest that galactans represent a major energy source during development, while acharan sulfate appearing immediately after hatching, is essential for the snail growth. The structures of neutral N-glycans released from eggs by peptide N-glycosidase F (PNGase F), were next elucidated using ESI-MS/MS, MALDI-MS/MS, enzyme digestion, and monosaccharide composition analysis. Three types of neutral N-glycan structures were observed, truncated (Hex(2-4)-HexNAc(2)), high mannose (Hex(5-9)-HexNAc(2)), and complex (Hex(3)-HexNAc(2-10)) types. None showed core fucosylation.

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Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1
Pictures of a snail eggs, b snails (3 days), c snails (7–10 days), d snails (15–20 days), e snails (45–60 days), and f snails (~120 days; unit: centimeters)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Neutral N-glycans released by PNGase F a MALDI-MS of sodiated ions, and b ESI-MS of 2-PA labeled neutral N-glycans of protonated ions
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
ESI-MS/MS of 2-PA labeled N-glycans in positive ion mode. a Trimannosyl-chitobiose core (Hex3-HexNAc2-PA), and b truncated N-glycans (Hex4-HexNAc2-PA). Square GlcNAc, circle Man
Fig 4
Fig 4
MALDI-MS/MS of complex-type N-glycan (Hex3-Hex-NAc5-PA) in positive ion mode. One of possible structures was shown for an example. Filled square GlcNAc, circle Man, open square GalNAc
Fig 5
Fig 5
ESI-MS/MS of 2-PA labeled hexose repeats (Hex3-PA) in a positive ion mode, and b negative ion mode. Circle Gal or Glc
Scheme 1
Scheme 1
The simplified N-glycan biosynthetic pathway [17, 30]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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