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. 2008 Aug 8;1(1):25.
doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-1-25.

Canine vector-borne diseases in Brazil

Filipe Dantas-Torres  1
Affiliations

Canine vector-borne diseases in Brazil

Filipe Dantas-Torres. Parasit Vectors. .

Abstract

Canine vector-borne diseases (CVBDs) are highly prevalent in Brazil and represent a challenge to veterinarians and public health workers, since some diseases are of great zoonotic potential. Dogs are affected by many protozoa (e.g., Babesia vogeli, Leishmania infantum, and Trypanosoma cruzi), bacteria (e.g., Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis), and helminths (e.g., Dirofilaria immitis and Dipylidium caninum) that are transmitted by a diverse range of arthropod vectors, including ticks, fleas, lice, triatomines, mosquitoes, tabanids, and phlebotomine sand flies. This article focuses on several aspects (etiology, transmission, distribution, prevalence, risk factors, diagnosis, control, prevention, and public health significance) of CVBDs in Brazil and discusses research gaps to be addressed in future studies.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Babesia vogeli. Two Babesia sp. trophozoites in a blood smear from a naturally infected dog.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Rhipicephalus sanguineus. A dog heavily infested by Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Leishmania infantum. Several Leishmania infantum amastigotes in a bone marrow smear from a naturally infected dog.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Lutzomyia whitmani. External genitalia of a male of Lutzomyia whitmani, which contains structures of major taxonomic importance.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Canine visceral leishmaniasis. A dog displaying a typical clinical picture of visceral leishmaniasis.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Hepatozoon canis. A gamont of Hepatozoon canis in a blood smear from a naturally infected dog.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Amblyomma ovale. A female of Amblyomma ovale firmly attached to and feeding on a dog.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Stomoxys calcitrans. Several stable flies (Stomoxys calcitrans) feeding on a dog.
Figure 9
Figure 9
A dog with clinical signs of the so-called Nambiuvú. Massive bleeding from the skin covering the dorsal surface of the pinna.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Ehrlichia canis. A morula of Ehrlichia canis in a bone marrow smear from a naturally infected dog.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Rickettsia rickettsii. Rickettsia rickettsii growing in Vero cells.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Amblyomma cajennense. Amblyomma cajennense ticks feeding on a horse.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Ctenocephalides felis female. (a) Flea's head, exhibiting the characteristic genal (arrow) and pronotal (arrowhead) combs. (b) Spermatheca (arrow). (c) Chaetotaxy of tibia (arrow) of leg III.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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