Prevalence of Clostridium difficile in hospitalised patients with acute diarrhoea in Calcutta

Abstract

During a 12-month period, Clostridium difficile was isolated from 38 (11.1%) of 341 hospitalised patients suffering from acute diarrhoea and from five (3%) of 172 patients as control who were admitted with illnesses other than diarrhoea. It was the sole bacterial pathogen in 31 cases. 87% of the isolates obtained from patients with diarrhoea produced neutralisable cytotoxin. None of these patients had any history of previous treatment using antibiotics. No age or gender-specific high incidence was observed. Clinical presentation in these patients revealed no distinctive pattern. Both dysenteric and diarrhoeal presentations were found, the latter being more frequent. The results suggest that Clostridium difficile by itself may be a causal agent of acute diarrhoea.