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. 2008 Aug;16(7-8):272-4.
doi: 10.1007/BF03086162.

Discovery of a persistent left superior vena cava during pacemaker implantation

A M Schreve-Steensma  1 , P H M van der Valk, J B L Ten Kate, M J M Kofflard
Affiliations

Discovery of a persistent left superior vena cava during pacemaker implantation

A M Schreve-Steensma et al. Neth Heart J. 2008 Aug.
No abstract available

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Course of two guidewires after puncture of the left subclavian vein, right (A) and left (B) from the mediastinal border.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Modified oblique sagittal contrast computer tomography presentation demonstrating the PLSVC, communicating with both the RSVC through the left brachiocephalic vein and the enlarged coronary sinus. A=right superior vena cava, C=left brachiocephalic vein, E=coronary sinus, F=aorta, G=main pulmonary artery, H=left superior vena cava, RA=right atrium, I=atrial pacemaker lead.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Schematic drawing of the variations of the superior vena cava. 3A) The normal situation. 3B) Single left superior vena cava. 3C) Doubled superior vena cava, the right superior vena cava is either connected to the left by the left brachiocephalic vein or is without any connection: A=right superior vena cava, B=internal jugular vein, C=left brachiocephalic vein, D=subclavian vein, E=coronary sinus, F=aorta, G=main pulmonary artery, H=left superior vena cava, RV=right ventricle, LV=left ventricle.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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