Effect of alcohol septal ablation in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy on the electrocardiographic pattern

Abstract

Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) allows study of the electrocardiographic effects of myocardial necrosis confined to the base of the interventricular septum, a rare event in atherothrombotic coronary artery disease. Eighty-four consecutive patients were studied after ASA for HC. After excluding 20 with pacing before ASA and 6 with no available preprocedure electrocardiograms, the electrocardiograms of the remaining 58 patients were compared with those of 58 consecutive patients with anterior ST elevation myocardial infarctions who underwent primary intervention for left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusions. In 25 patients, the occlusions were proximal to the first septal perforator, and in 33 patients, the occlusions were more distal. All electrocardiograms were analyzed with respect to conduction abnormalities and ST-segment changes. Patients with HC developed right bundle branch block significantly more often than those with LAD occlusions (50% vs 14%, p = 0.001) Moreover, patients with HC required postprocedure pacing more frequently (14% vs 2%, p <0.05). A distinctive pattern of ST displacement was found. There was more frequent ST depression in leads I and aVF and greater ST elevation in lead V(1) in patients who underwent ASA, indicating a greater tendency toward a rightward direction than was true in patients with LAD occlusions. In conclusion, in addition to more frequent right bundle branch block after ASA, a distinctive a characteristic pattern of ST-segment deviation similar to but distinct from that produced by proximal LAD occlusion appeared.