Early-onset severe preeclampsia: induction of labor vs elective cesarean delivery and neonatal outcomes

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the success rate of and analyze differences in neonatal outcomes with labor induction, compared with elective cesarean delivery in women with early-onset severe preeclampsia.

Study design: We conducted a cross-sectional study of women with severe preeclampsia who required delivery between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation. Bivariate and multivariable regression analyses were used to determine factors that were associated with assignment to, success of, and odds of neonatal outcomes after induction of labor.

Results: Fifty-seven and four-tenths percent of 491 women underwent induction of labor. Vaginal delivery occurred in 6.7%, 47.5%, and 68.8% of women who underwent labor induction between 24 and 28, 28 and 32, and 32 and 34 weeks of gestation, respectively. Induction of labor was not associated with an increase in neonatal morbidity or mortality rate after we controlled for gestational age and other confounders.

Conclusion: Neonatal outcomes are not worsened by induction of labor in women with early-onset severe preeclampsia, although it is rarely successful at <28 weeks of gestation.