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. 2008 Sep 10;26(26):4326-32.
doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.4442.

Unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation for children with acute myeloid leukemia beyond first remission or refractory to chemotherapy

Nancy J Bunin  1 , Stella M Davies, Richard Aplenc, Bruce M Camitta, Kenneth B DeSantes, Rakesh K Goyal, Neena Kapoor, Nancy A Kernan, Joseph Rosenthal, Franklin O Smith, Mary Eapen
Affiliations

Unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation for children with acute myeloid leukemia beyond first remission or refractory to chemotherapy

Nancy J Bunin et al. J Clin Oncol. .

Abstract

Purpose: Identify prognostic factors that influence outcome after unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Patients and methods: Included are 268 patients (age <or= 18 years) with AML in second complete remission (n = 142), relapse (n = 90), or primary induction failure (n = 36) at transplantation. All patients received bone marrow grafts from an unrelated donor and a myeloablative conditioning regimen. Cox regression models were constructed to identify risk factors that influence outcome after transplantation.

Results: In this analysis, the only risk factor that predicted leukemia recurrence and overall and leukemia-free survival was disease status at transplantation. The 5-year probabilities of leukemia-free survival were 45%, 20%, and 12% for patients who underwent transplantation at second complete remission, relapse, and primary induction failure, respectively. As expected, risk of acute but not chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was lower with T-cell-depleted bone marrow grafts; T-cell-depleted grafts were not associated with higher risks of leukemia recurrence. We observed similar risks of leukemia relapse in patients with and without acute and chronic GVHD.

Conclusion: Children who underwent transplantation in remission had a superior outcome compared with children who underwent transplantation during relapse or persistent disease. Nevertheless, 20% of children who underwent transplantation in relapse are long-term survivors, suggesting that unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation is an effective therapy in a significant proportion of children with recurrent or primary refractory AML.

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Figures

Fig 1.
Fig 1.
The 5-year probabilities of leukemia relapse after unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation by disease status at transplantation. PIF, primary induction failure; CR, complete remission.
Fig 2.
Fig 2.
The 5-year probabilities of overall survival after unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation by disease status at transplantation. PIF, primary induction failure; CR, complete remission.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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