Investigation of gastric and duodenal mucosal defects caused by low-dose aspirin in patients with ischemic heart disease

Abstract

Background: Low-dose aspirin is used for secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease and ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Currently, the frequency of gastrointestinal disorder among users of low-dose aspirin is unknown.

Aims: To investigate through endoscopic examination the frequency of gastroduodenal disorder associated with buffered and enteric-coated aspirin (ECA).

Methods: Screening upper endoscopic examinations were prospectively performed on 236 patients with ischemic heart disease. Endoscopic findings including ulcers and flat erosions were assessed as mucosal defects.

Results: Mucosal defects were found in 92 of 190 (48.4%) users of low-dose aspirin and 6 of 46 (13.0%) nonusers. There were significantly more mucosal defects among users of low-dose aspirin than among those using no aspirin (P<0.0001). Mucosal defects were found in 54 of 98 (60.7%) users of buffered aspirin (BA), whereas 38 of 101 (37.6%) users of ECA had mucosal defects. Users of ECA had significantly fewer erosions than did those of BA (P=0.0015). The frequency of ulcer is similar between BA users and ECA users.

Conclusions: As endoscopy frequently reveals gastroduodenal disorder among low-dose aspirin users, both administration of BA and of enteric-coated aspirin warrant concern for gastroduodenal ulcer.