Differentiating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease from asthma

Abstract

Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are chronic diseases that are increasing worldwide in incidence, prevalence, and burden. The purpose of this article is to provide nurse practitioners (NPs) with the information necessary to make a differential diagnosis and to understand the different treatment approaches to these two diseases.

Data sources: Peer-reviewed journal articles, book chapters, and evidence-based Internet sources.

Conclusions: NPs who are familiar with the pathophysiology that differentiates COPD from asthma can make an appropriate diagnosis and initiate effective pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions, which may lead to a reduced incidence of exacerbations.

Implications for practice: A misdiagnosis of COPD or asthma leads to inadequate management of patients and to escalating healthcare costs. An early and accurate diagnosis can help to ensure optimal and cost-effective management of patient care.