[Situation of nursing home residents with continence problems: a study in two German nursing homes]

Abstract

Aim of the study: To describe the situation of residents with continence problems (CP) in two German nursing homes.

Methods: Medical and nursing records of all residents were reviewed and categorised according to a standardised protocol. Structured interviews were performed with the responsible nursing staff of each resident. Qualitative methods like focus groups and participating observations were used to collect further information.

Results: In the investigated nursing homes 177 residents with and 70 without CP were identified (81.5% women; mean age 83.7 years). For these 247 residents 57 physicians and 116 nurses or nurses-aides were in charge. 71% of female and 76% of male residents had at least one CP. The three most common CP among residents were combined urinary and faecal incontinence (32%), urinary incontinence (21%), and urinary catheters (17%). Residents with CP were significantly more dependent in functional abilities like toileting, dressing or cognitive function than those without CP (P<0.01). In a high proportion of residents with CP physicians (64%) were not consulted nor were relatives (86%) involved in continence related activities.

Conclusion: Nursing home residents are commonly affected by continence problems which are associated with functional dependency and relevant co-morbidity. The public and expert debate on continence problems of nursing home residents has to be promoted to achieve long-term changes.