Optimizing brain MR imaging protocols with gadopentetate dimeglumine: enhancement of intracranial lesions on spin-density- and T2-weighted images

Abstract

To determine whether long TR MR imaging is best performed before or after IV administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine, we obtained spin-density- and T2-weighted images before and after contrast administration in 21 patients with known intracranial enhancing lesions. Of 25 lesions demonstrating enhancement on T1-weighted sequences, 21 showed mild or moderate enhancement on spin-density-weighted sequences and 20 showed mild enhancement on T2-weighted sequences. Importantly, no spin-density or T2 information was obscured by the administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine, and no T2 shortening effects were visible. Two new foci of enhancement were visible on postcontrast spin-density- and T2-weighted images that were missed on postcontrast T1-weighted images and on precontrast spin-density- and T2-weighted studies. Visualization of new areas of enhancement is the main advantage provided by the long TR images obtained after IV injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. The most likely reason for the appearance of these newly visualized lesions is thought to be delayed enhancement. This imaging protocol also allows the display of adjacent edema or gliosis and enhancing lesions on a single image. Additionally, in three cases, posterior fossa phase-shift artifacts raised the suspicion of an enhancing lesion on postcontrast T1-weighted images, but the cerebellum was shown to be normal on the postcontrast spin-density- and T2-weighted studies. On the basis of our results, we recommend obtaining long TR images after rather than before the administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine in patients with intracranial enhancing lesions.