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. 2008 Oct;9(10):835-41.
doi: 10.1631/jzus.B0860005.

Fungal diversity on fallen leaves of Ficus in northern Thailand

Hong-Kai Wang  1 , Kevin D Hyde, Kasem Soytong, Fu-Cheng Lin
Affiliations

Fungal diversity on fallen leaves of Ficus in northern Thailand

Hong-Kai Wang et al. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 2008 Oct.

Abstract

Fallen leaves of Ficus altissima, F. virens, F. benjamina, F. fistulosa and F. semicordata, were collected in Chiang Mai Province in northern Thailand and examined for fungi. Eighty taxa were identified, comprising 56 anamorphic taxa, 23 ascomycetes and 1 basidiomycete. Common fungal species occurring on five host species with high frequency of occurrence were Beltraniella nilgirica, Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Ophioceras leptosporum, Periconia byssoides and Septonema harknessi. Colletotrichum and Stachybotrys were also common genera. The leaves of different Ficus species supported diverse fungal taxa, and the fungal assemblages on the different hosts showed varying overlap. The fungal diversity of saprobes at the host species level is discussed.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Ellisiopsis gallesiae on fallen leaves of Ficus altissima. (a) Morphology of conidia; (b) and (c) Morphology of conidiophores. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Ellisiopsis gallesiae on fallen leaves of Ficus altissima. (a) Morphology of conidia; (b) and (c) Morphology of conidiophores. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Ellisiopsis gallesiae on fallen leaves of Ficus altissima. (a) Morphology of conidia; (b) and (c) Morphology of conidiophores. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Morphology of Sagenomella striatispora on fallen leaves of Ficus fistulosa. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) Characters of conidia and conidiophore; (c) and (d) developing conidia from conidiophores. Arrow indicates the young conidium. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Morphology of Sagenomella striatispora on fallen leaves of Ficus fistulosa. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) Characters of conidia and conidiophore; (c) and (d) developing conidia from conidiophores. Arrow indicates the young conidium. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Morphology of Sagenomella striatispora on fallen leaves of Ficus fistulosa. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) Characters of conidia and conidiophore; (c) and (d) developing conidia from conidiophores. Arrow indicates the young conidium. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Morphology of Sagenomella striatispora on fallen leaves of Ficus fistulosa. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) Characters of conidia and conidiophore; (c) and (d) developing conidia from conidiophores. Arrow indicates the young conidium. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Morphology of Kirschsteiniothelia spp. on fallen leaves of Ficus semicordata. (a) Characters of asci. Arrows indicate the outer layer of the ascus wall; (b) Characters of ascus; (c) Characters of pseudoparaphyses; (d) Characters of ascospores. (a) Bar=20 µm; (b)~(d) Bar=10 µm
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Morphology of Kirschsteiniothelia spp. on fallen leaves of Ficus semicordata. (a) Characters of asci. Arrows indicate the outer layer of the ascus wall; (b) Characters of ascus; (c) Characters of pseudoparaphyses; (d) Characters of ascospores. (a) Bar=20 µm; (b)~(d) Bar=10 µm
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Morphology of Kirschsteiniothelia spp. on fallen leaves of Ficus semicordata. (a) Characters of asci. Arrows indicate the outer layer of the ascus wall; (b) Characters of ascus; (c) Characters of pseudoparaphyses; (d) Characters of ascospores. (a) Bar=20 µm; (b)~(d) Bar=10 µm
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Morphology of Kirschsteiniothelia spp. on fallen leaves of Ficus semicordata. (a) Characters of asci. Arrows indicate the outer layer of the ascus wall; (b) Characters of ascus; (c) Characters of pseudoparaphyses; (d) Characters of ascospores. (a) Bar=20 µm; (b)~(d) Bar=10 µm
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Morphology of Stachybotrys bisbyi on fallen leaves of Ficus benjamina. (a) Characters conidia. Arrow indicates the smooth wall of the conidium; (b) Characters of conidiophore. Arrow indicates the rough wall of conidiophore cell; (c) and (d) Characters of conidiophores. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Morphology of Stachybotrys bisbyi on fallen leaves of Ficus benjamina. (a) Characters conidia. Arrow indicates the smooth wall of the conidium; (b) Characters of conidiophore. Arrow indicates the rough wall of conidiophore cell; (c) and (d) Characters of conidiophores. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Morphology of Stachybotrys bisbyi on fallen leaves of Ficus benjamina. (a) Characters conidia. Arrow indicates the smooth wall of the conidium; (b) Characters of conidiophore. Arrow indicates the rough wall of conidiophore cell; (c) and (d) Characters of conidiophores. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Morphology of Stachybotrys bisbyi on fallen leaves of Ficus benjamina. (a) Characters conidia. Arrow indicates the smooth wall of the conidium; (b) Characters of conidiophore. Arrow indicates the rough wall of conidiophore cell; (c) and (d) Characters of conidiophores. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Morphology of Stachybotrys renispora on fallen leaves of Ficus virens. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) and (c) Characters of conidia and conidiophores. Arrow indicates the succession of conidium; (d) and (e) Characters of conidia. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Morphology of Stachybotrys renispora on fallen leaves of Ficus virens. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) and (c) Characters of conidia and conidiophores. Arrow indicates the succession of conidium; (d) and (e) Characters of conidia. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Morphology of Stachybotrys renispora on fallen leaves of Ficus virens. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) and (c) Characters of conidia and conidiophores. Arrow indicates the succession of conidium; (d) and (e) Characters of conidia. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Morphology of Stachybotrys renispora on fallen leaves of Ficus virens. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) and (c) Characters of conidia and conidiophores. Arrow indicates the succession of conidium; (d) and (e) Characters of conidia. Bar=10 µm
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Morphology of Stachybotrys renispora on fallen leaves of Ficus virens. (a) Characters of conidiophore; (b) and (c) Characters of conidia and conidiophores. Arrow indicates the succession of conidium; (d) and (e) Characters of conidia. Bar=10 µm
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