Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: influence of social factors in determining length of hospital stay and readmission rates
- PMID: 18949105
- PMCID: PMC2679571
- DOI: 10.1155/2008/569496
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: influence of social factors in determining length of hospital stay and readmission rates
Abstract
Background: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is the leading reason for hospitalization in Canada and a significant financial burden on hospital resources. Identifying factors that influence the time a patient spends in the hospital and readmission rates will allow for better use of scarce hospital resources.
Objectives: To determine the factors that influence length of stay (LOS) in the hospital and readmission for patients with AECOPD in an inner-city hospital.
Methods: Using the Providence Health Records, a retrospective review of patients admitted to St Paul's Hospital (Vancouver, British Columbia) during the winter of 2006 to 2007 (six months) with a diagnosis of AECOPD, was conducted. Exacerbations were classified according to Anthonisen criteria to determine the severity of exacerbation on admission. Severity of COPD was scored using the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) criteria. For comparative analysis, severity of disease (GOLD criteria), age, sex and smoking history were matched.
Results: Of 109 admissions reviewed, 66 were single admissions (61%) and 43 were readmissions (39%). The number of readmissions ranged from two to nine (mean of 3.3 readmissions). More than 85% of admissions had the severity of COPD equal to or greater than GOLD stage 3. The significant indicators for readmission were GOLD status (P<0.001), number of related comorbidities (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.97; P<0.009) and marital status (single) (OR 4.18, 95% CI 1.03 to 17.02; P<0.046). The requirement for social work involvement during hospital admission was associated with a prolonged LOS (P<0.05).
Conclusions: The results of the present study show that disease severity (GOLD status) and number of comorbidities are associated with readmission rates of patients with AECOPD. Interestingly, social factors such as marital status and the need for social work intervention are also linked to readmission rates and LOS, respectively, in patients with AECOPD.
HISTORIQUE :: L’exacerbation aiguë de la bronchopneumopathie obstructive chronique (EABPOC) est la principale cause d’hospitalisation au Canada et constitue un fardeau financier important pour le système hospitalier. L’identification des facteurs qui influent sur la durée du séjour hospitalier et les taux de réadmission permettra d’utiliser à meilleur escient les maigres ressources hospitalières.
OBJECTIF :: Déterminer quels facteurs influent sur la durée du séjour (DS) et la réadmission des patients souffrant d’une EABPOC dans un hôpital urbain.
MÉTHODES :: À partir des dossiers de Providence Health, les auteurs ont procédé à une analyse rétrospective des patients admis à l’Hôpital St. Paul (Vancouver, Colombie-Britannique) durant l’hiver 2006–2007 (six mois) avec un diagnostic d’EABPOC. Ils ont classifié les exacerbations selon les critères d’Anthonisen afin d’en mesurer la gravité au moment de l’admission. La gravité de la BPOC a été établie selon les critères GOLD (pour Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease). À des fins d’analyse comparative, la gravité de la maladie (critères GOLD), l’âge, le sexe et les antécédents à l’égard du tabagisme ont été assortis.
RÉSULTATS :: Parmi les 109 admissions analysées, 66 étaient des admissions simples (61 %) et 43, des réadmissions (39 %). Le nombre de réad-missions allait de deux à neuf (moyenne de 3,3 réadmissions). Plus de 85 % des admissions étaient justifiées par une BPOC de gravité égale ou supérieure au stade GOLD 3. Les principaux indicateurs de réadmission étaient le statut à l’égard des critères GOLD (p < 0,001), le nombre de comorbidités connexes (RR 1,47, IC à 95 %, 1,10 à 1,97, p < 0,009) et l’é-tat civil (célibataire) (RR 4,18, IC à 95 %, 1,03 à 17,02, p < 0,046). Le recours aux services d’un travailleur social durant l’hospitalisation a été associé à une prolongation de l’hospitalisation (p < 0,05).
CONCLUSIONS :: Les résultats de la présente étude montrent que la gravité de la maladie (critères GOLD) et le nombre de comorbidités sont associés aux taux de réadmissions chez les patients présentant une EABPOC. À noter, les facteurs sociaux tels que l’état civil et le recours à une intervention en travail social sont aussi liés aux taux de réadmissions et à la durée de l’hospitalisation, respectivement, chez les patients présentant une EABPOC.
Comment in
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Social factors and hospitallization.Can Respir J. 2008 Oct;15(7):343-4. doi: 10.1155/2008/481304. Can Respir J. 2008. PMID: 19069593 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
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