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Review
. 2008 Dec;7(12):2017-36.
doi: 10.1128/EC.00323-08. Epub 2008 Oct 24.

Master and commander in fungal pathogens: the two-component system and the HOG signaling pathway

Yong-Sun Bahn  1
Affiliations
Review

Master and commander in fungal pathogens: the two-component system and the HOG signaling pathway

Yong-Sun Bahn. Eukaryot Cell. 2008 Dec.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
General regulatory mechanism of the HOG signaling pathway in fungi. Abbreviations: HK, histidine KD; RR, response regulator receiver domain; S/T kinase, Ser/Thr protein KD; SBD, Ssk2/Ssk22 binding domain; HDS, Hog1 docking site; S/T-Y KD, Ser/Thr and Tyr dual-protein KD.
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
Fungal hybrid sensor kinases. The phylogenetic tree of fungal hybrid sensor kinases was constructed in CLUSTAL W (tree-building method, neighbor joining; mode, best tree; distance, uncorrected [“p”]) with MacVector software (version 7.2.3; Accelrys). The roman numerals on the left are the classes of hybrid sensor kinases categorized by Catlett et al. (30). On the right side are diagrams of known fungal sensor kinases, which were generated by the MacVector software. Each domain was identified by the comparative fungal genomics platform (http://cfgp.snu.ac.kr) and InterPro (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/). Abbreviations: GAF, GAF domain; HK, histidine KD; RR, response regulator receiver domain; PK, protein KD; TTPH, tetratricopeptide-like helical domain; PAS, PAS/PAC domain; HAMP, HAMP domain; PChr, phytochrome domain; TM, transmembrane domain (predicted by the TMHMM Server v 2.0 [http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM/]); HEM4, uroporphyrinogen III synthase (HEM4) domain.
FIG. 3.
FIG. 3.
Comparison of the functional subdomains of Ssk2-like MAPKKKs and Pbs2-like MAPKKs in fungi. The multiple-sequence alignment was generated by using the CLUSTAL W algorithm in the MacVector software. (A) Comparison of the subdomains of fungal Ssk2-like MAPKKKs. The AID (amino acids 294 to 413) and autophosphorylation site (T1460) are indicated based on information from S. cerevisiae Ssk2 (96, 132). (B) Comparison of the subdomains of fungal Pbs2-like MAPKKs. The subdomains of Pbs2-like MAPKKs, including the NES, the Ssk2 binding site, the Sho1 SH3 binding proline-rich motif, the nuclear localization sequence, the Hog1 docking site, and the phosphorylation site, are indicated as shaded regions based on information from S. cerevisiae Pbs2 (73, 132).
FIG. 4.
FIG. 4.
Proposed mechanism of the HOG pathway in fungal pathogens. The upper panel describes the C. albicans HOG pathway, and the lower panel illustrates the C. neoformans HOG pathway. In each panel, the left side shows unstressed conditions while the right side illustrates stressed conditions. temp., temperature; MG, methylglyoxal.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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