Gallstone ileus: surgical strategies and clinical outcome

Abstract

Objective: Gallstone ileus is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction affecting mainly the elderly. This study aimed to analyze the surgical treatments and outcome of the disease.

Methods: We present a retrospective study of 13 patients diagnosed with gallstone ileus from January 2000 to December 2005 in our hospital and a review of the published literature.

Results: Three men and 10 women participated in the study, with a mean age of 74.3 (range: 63-85). The mean duration of symptoms was 6 days (range 2-14). A pre operative diagnosis was made in 10 patients. The mean delay in diagnosis was 3.5 days (range 1-10). Ten patients had an enterolithotomy (E) and three patients had a one-stage procedure comprising enterolithotomy, cholecystectomy and fistula repair (EC). There was no postoperative mortality in either group. The mean postoperative hospital stay for group E was 14 (range 6-31) days and for group EC was 19 (range: 5-28) days. Twelve patients were alive at the time of review. One patient from group E died of unrelated causes after three years. One patient in group E developed cholangitis but no surgical intervention was required on case note review over a mean postoperative period of 3.4 years.

Conclusion: E alone is best suited in all elderly gallstone ileus patients with significant comorbidities. A one-stage procedure (EC) should be reserved for young, fit and low risk patients.