Scintigraphic, biochemical, and clinical response to zoledronic acid treatment in patients with Paget's disease of bone

Abstract

Bisphosphonates have long been used with success in the treatment of Paget's disease of bone (PDB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the early (up to 3 months) and late (at 12 months) scintigraphic, biochemical, and clinical response to a single intravenous infusion of zoledronic acid (ZOL) in patients with PDB serially assessed for 1 year. Nine patients with 30 bone lesions caused by PDB were prospectively evaluated. Total serum alkaline phosphatase (SAP) was serially measured. Scintigraphy was performed before and at 3 and 12 months after ZOL administration, and bone lesions were assessed quantitatively. After treatment, pain was alleviated in five of six patients starting from the first month. At 3 months, a significant decrease of SAP levels compared to baseline values was found (322 +/- 211 IU/l before vs. 101 +/- 36 IU/l 3 months after; P < 0.05), with normal values attained in all except one patient. The scintigraphic index of involvement (SII), a marker for the per-patient activity of the disease, was reduced from 14.4 +/- 7.6 to 7.2 +/- 1.8 (P = 0.01). The scintigraphic ratio (SR), a marker for the per-lesion activity of the disease, was reduced from 12.8 +/- 7.7 to 7.0 +/- 2.9 (P < 0.001). The values of markers of disease activity remained unchanged up to 12 months. A single intravenous administration of ZOL leads to a favorable clinical, biochemical, and scintigraphic response in patients with PDB starting as early as 3 months after treatment and lasting no less than 12 months (i.e., considerably longer than the other existing therapies).