Enhanced systemic matrix metalloproteinase response in Helicobacter pylori gastritis

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and is the most important risk factor for non-cardia gastric cancer, and has been shown to upregulate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in infected gastric mucosa. MMPs are proteolytic enzymes regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs).

Aims: We set up this study to find out whether H. pylori gastritis induces systemic MMP response.

Methods: Serum samples were collected from patients undergoing gastroscopy; 26 patients had H. pylori gastritis and 18 were H. pylori-negative controls with normal gastric mucosa. Serum MMP levels were analysed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results: Significantly elevated serum levels of collagenase-2 (MMP-8), gelatinase B (MMP-9), neutrophil elastase (NE), and myeloperoxidase (MPO), and reduced serum levels of gelatinase A (MMP-2) and TIMP-1 were demonstrated in patients with H. pylori gastritis as compared to H. pylori-negative controls. No significant differences were shown in serum matrilysin-1 (MMP-7) levels.

Conclusions: For the first time, we show enhanced MMP-8 response in H. pylori infection together with other neutrophil degranulation products (MMP-9, MPO, NE). Elevated circulating neutrophil degranulation product levels in serum of H. pylori-positive patients reflect accelerated proteolysis and oxidative stress, and may contribute to extraintestinal sequelae, such as cardiovascular diseases.