Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2009 Feb;32(2):306-7.
doi: 10.2337/dc08-1504. Epub 2008 Nov 4.

All-cause mortality after diabetes-related amputation in Barbados: a prospective case-control study

Ian R Hambleton  1 , Ramesh Jonnalagadda, Christopher R Davis, Henry S Fraser, Nish Chaturvedi, Anselm J Hennis
Affiliations

All-cause mortality after diabetes-related amputation in Barbados: a prospective case-control study

Ian R Hambleton et al. Diabetes Care. 2009 Feb.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the mortality rate after diabetes-related lower-extremity amputation (LEA) in an African-descent Caribbean population.

Research design and methods: We conducted a prospective case-control study. We recruited case subjects (with diabetes and LEA) and age-matched control subjects (with diabetes and no LEA) between 1999 and 2001. We followed these groups for 5 years to assess mortality risk and causes.

Results: There were 205 amputations (123 minor and 82 major). The 1-year and 5-year survival rates were 69 and 44% among case subjects and 97 and 82% among control subjects (case-control difference, P < 0.001). The mortality rates (per 1,000 person-years) were 273.9 (95% CI 207.1-362.3) after a major amputation, 113.4 (85.2-150.9) after a minor amputation, and 36.4 (25.6-51.8) among control subjects. Sepsis and cardiac disease were the most common causes of death.

Conclusions: These mortality rates are the highest reported worldwide. Interventions to limit sepsis and complications from cardiac disease offer a huge potential for improving post-LEA survival in this vulnerable group.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
•••.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Bild DE, Selby JV, Sinnock P, Browner WS, Braveman P, Showstack JA: Lower-extremity amputation in people with diabetes: epidemiology and prevention. Diabetes Care 12:24–31, 1989 - PubMed
    1. Chaturvedi N, Stevens LK, Fuller JH, Lee ET, Lu M: Risk factors, ethnic differences and mortality associated with lower-extremity gangrene and amputation in diabetes. The WHO Multinational Study of Vascular Disease in Diabetes. Diabetologia 44 (Suppl. 2):S65–S71, 2001 - PubMed
    1. Hennis A, Wu SY, Nemesure B, Li X, Leske MC: Diabetes in a Caribbean population: epidemiological profile and implications. Int J Epidemiol 31:234–239, 2002 - PubMed
    1. Hennis AJ, Fraser HS, Jonnalagadda R, Fuller J, Chaturvedi N: Explanations for the high risk of diabetes-related amputation in a Caribbean population of black African descent and potential for prevention. Diabetes Care 27:2636–2641, 2004 - PubMed
    1. Resnick HE, Carter EA, Lindsay R, Henly SJ, Ness FK, Welty TK, Lee ET, Howard BV: Relation of lower-extremity amputation to all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in American Indians: the Strong Heart Study. Diabetes Care 27:1286–1293, 2004 - PubMed

Publication types