Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Comment
. 2008 Nov 11;105(45):17213-4.
doi: 10.1073/pnas.0809841105. Epub 2008 Nov 7.

Shedding light on virus replication

Dean O Cliver  1
Affiliations
Comment

Shedding light on virus replication

Dean O Cliver. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. .
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Generic, schematic summary of enterovirus replication. (A) Virus moves randomly in space near susceptible cell. (B) Virus contacts homologous receptor on cell's plasma membrane. (C) Virus is engulfed by host cell. (D) Viral RNA emerges from protein coat. (E) Viral peptide is translated from viral RNA. (F) Negative-sense RNA is transcribed from plus-sense viral RNA; coat protein is translated from plus-sense viral RNA. (G) Coat protein and plus-sense viral RNA accumulate at synthetic site. (H) Accumulated components self-assemble into progeny virus. (I) Progeny virus is released in packets, coated with host-cell membrane. (J) Host cell cannot maintain itself, so lysis follows. Adapted from ref. .
Fig. 2.
Fig. 2.
Composition and function of molecular beacon (MB). (A) Loop (orange) is the probe portion of the MB, synthesized with modified bases and “backbone,” so as to be insusceptible to nucleases; stem segments (green) complement each other and hold the quencher (black) and beacon (yellow) together so that the beacon cannot fluoresce in response to UV irradiation; the TAT peptide (dark blue) facilitates entry of the MB into the host cell. (B) When the probe anneals to the homologous segment of the viral RNA (in the 5′ nontranslated region), the quencher and the beacon are separated, allowing the beacon to fluoresce in response to UV excitation. (C) If the MB is in the cell before the virus arrives, fluorescence occurs within 2 h. (D) If the MB enters while the infection is in progress, fluorescence may be seen as soon as 15 min.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment on

References

    1. Yeh H-Y, Yates MV, Mulchandani A, Chen W. Visualizing the dynamics of viral replication in living cells via TAT peptide delivery of nuclease-resistant molecular beacons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2008;105:17522–17525. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Cliver DO. In: Foodborne Diseases. Cliver DO, editor. San Diego: Academic; 1990. pp. 275–292.
    1. Tyagi S, Kramer FR. Molecular beacons: Probes that fluoresce upon hybridization. Nat Biotechnol. 1996;14:303–308. - PubMed
    1. Tyagi S, Alsmadi O. Imaging native beta-actin mRNA in motile fibroblasts. Biophys J. 2004;87:4153–4162. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Li JJ, Geyer R, Tan W. Using molecular beacons as a sensitive fluorescence assay for enzymatic cleavage of single-stranded DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 2000;28:E52. - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources