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Comparative Study
. 2008 Dec;65(6):571-80.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2008.06.007. Epub 2008 Oct 29.

Mental disorders among persons with diabetes--results from the World Mental Health Surveys

Elizabeth H B Lin  1 , Michael Von Korff, Jordi Alonso, Matthias C Angermeyer, James Anthony, Evelyn Bromet, Ronny Bruffaerts, Isabelle Gasquet, Giovanni de Girolamo, Oye Gureje, Josep Maria Haro, Elie Karam, Carmen Lara, Sing Lee, Daphna Levinson, J Hans Ormel, José Posada-Villa, Kate Scott, Makoto Watanabe, David Williams
Affiliations
Comparative Study

Mental disorders among persons with diabetes--results from the World Mental Health Surveys

Elizabeth H B Lin et al. J Psychosom Res. 2008 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: To estimate 12-month prevalence rate of mood, anxiety, and alcohol-use disorders among community samples of diabetic persons. We assess whether associations of specific mental disorders with diabetes are consistent across diverse countries after controlling for age and gender.

Research design and methods: Eighteen surveys of household-residing adults were conducted in two phases across 17 countries in Europe, the Americas, the Middle East, Africa, Asia, and the South Pacific (Part 1, N=85,088). Mental disorders, identified by the World Mental Health-Composite International Diagnostic Interview, included anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder/agoraphobia, posttraumatic stress disorder, and social phobia), mood disorders (dysthymia and major depressive disorder), and alcohol abuse/dependence. Diabetes was ascertained by self-report (Part 2, N=42,697). Association was assessed by age-gender adjusted odds ratios.

Results: Risk of mood and anxiety disorders was slightly higher among persons with diabetes relative to those without: odds ratio of 1.38 for depression (95% CI=1.15-1.66) and 1.20 for anxiety disorders, (95 % CI=1.01-1.42), after adjusting for age and gender. Odds ratio estimates across countries did not differ more than chance expectation. Alcohol-use disorders were uncommon among persons with diabetes in most countries, and not associated with diabetes in pooled survey data.

Conclusions: Population sample surveys revealed mood and anxiety disorders occurred with somewhat greater frequency among persons with diabetes than those without diabetes. Prevalence of major depression among persons with diabetes was lower in the general population than suggested by prior studies of clinical samples. Strength of association did not differ significantly across disorders or countries.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Mood disorder among persons with vs. without diabetes (age-sex adjusted odds ratio).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Anxiety disorder among persons with vs. without diabetes (age-sex adjusted odds ratio).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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