Symptoms and risk of obstructive sleep apnea in primary care patients in Jordan

Abstract

Purpose: Primary care is central for the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of symptoms and risk of OSA in primary care in Jordan.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted between July and October 2006. Adult patients attending primary health care in the north of Jordan were included and the Berlin questionnaire was utilized.

Results: A total of 1,205 patients completed the questionnaire, 46% were males, and mean age was 32.2 years. Based on the Berlin questionnaire definition, the overall OSA risk was 16.8%, snoring was present in 28.7% and frequent daytime fatigue or tiredness in 33.9%. OSA risk increased with age. For age groups <30 years, 30-59 years, and >or=60 years OSA risk was 5.4%, 28.4%, and 45.9%, respectively, (p < 0.005). OSA risk was higher in men than women (19.3% vs. 14.7%, respectively, p < 0.04). Age of >or=30 years, chronic nasal congestion and illiteracy were associated with an increased risk of OSA.

Conclusions: Obstructive sleep apnea, snoring, and daytime sleepiness were common among Jordanian patients attending primary care clinics. More attention to OSA is needed in primary care, and patients at risk should be referred for further evaluation.