The clinical impact of identifying metabolic syndrome in patients with diabetes: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

The objectives of the study were to determine whether identifying patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) (as defined by International Diabetes Federation [IDF] criteria) among patients with diabetes would affect the decision to prescribe statin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), based on currently available public health guidelines. We analysed the most recent recorded CVD risk profiles obtained from electronic patient files from 304 general practices in England and Wales. Of 60,258 patients with diabetes, 11,005 men and women aged 30-74 years fulfilled criteria for primary CVD prevention and were not on lipid-lowering drugs. Outcome data were extrapolated to an estimated national diabetes prevalence of 3.6%. Identifying MetS in this group of patients would produce an additional 29,536 (8.4%; 95% CI: 7.7, 9.0), 104,288 (29.6%; 95% CI: 28.5, 30.7) and 147, 328 (41.9%; 95% CI: 40.8, 43.0) patients nationally who would not have been eligible otherwise for primary CVD prevention strategies with statins, based on the Joint British Societies', the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence and the General Medical Services contract guidelines, respectively. The sensitivity and positive predictive value of these different strategies to detect metabolic syndrome were 87.5% and 69.1%; 57.3% and 76.8%; and 37.8% and 70.2%, respectively. In conclusion, among individuals with diabetes, identifying patients with MetS may further increase the use of statin therapy for primary CVD prevention.