Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2009 Feb;53(2):238-47.
doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.08.035.

Prevalence and awareness of CKD among African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study

Michael F Flessner  1 , Sharon B Wyatt, Ermeg L Akylbekova, Sean Coady, Tibor Fulop, Frederick Lee, Herman A Taylor, Errol Crook
Affiliations

Prevalence and awareness of CKD among African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study

Michael F Flessner et al. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009 Feb.

Erratum in

  • Am J Kidney Dis. 2009 Apr;53(4):721

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) leads to end-stage renal disease and is a growing epidemic throughout the world. In the United States, African Americans have an incidence of end-stage renal disease 4 times that of whites.

Study design: Cross-sectional to examine the prevalence and awareness of CKD in African Americans.

Setting & participants: Observational cohort in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS).

Predictor: CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2), the presence of albuminuria, or dialysis therapy.

Outcomes & measurements: Data from the JHS were analyzed. Medical history, including disease awareness and drug therapy, anthropometric measurements, and serum and urine samples, were obtained from JHS participants at the baseline visit. Associations between CKD prevalence and awareness and selected demographic, socioeconomic, health care access, and disease status parameters were assessed by using logistic regression models.

Results: The prevalence of CKD in the JHS was 20%; CKD awareness was only 15.8%. Older participants had a greater prevalence, but also were more aware of CKD. Hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, increasing age and waist circumference, and being single or less physically active were associated with CKD. Only advancing CKD stage was associated with awareness.

Limitations: Cross-sectional assessment, single urine measurement.

Conclusions: The JHS has a high prevalence and low awareness of CKD, especially in those with less severe disease status. This emphasizes the need for earlier diagnosis and increased education of health care providers and the general population.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
CKD Prevalence by Sex and Age Group. Solid bars: Men; Open bars: Women.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prevalence of albuminuria and low estimated GFR (eGFR) by sex and age group: Solid bars: albuminuria in men; Open bars: albuminuria in women; Horizontal stripes: low eGFR in men; Vertical stripes: low eGFR in women.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Age- and sex-adjusted comparison of the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of: A. CKD prevalence and B. Awareness. Solid bars: JHS; Open bars: NHANES.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Age- and sex-adjusted comparison of the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of: A. CKD prevalence and B. Awareness. Solid bars: JHS; Open bars: NHANES.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Dirks JH, De ZD, Agarwal SK, Atkins RC. Prevention of chronic kidney and vascular disease: Toward global health equity - The Bellagio 2004 Declaration. Kidney Int. 2005;68(Suppl 98):S1–S6. - PubMed
    1. Lysaght MJ. Maintenance dialysis population dynamics: current trends and long-term implications. Kidney Int. 2005;68(Suppl 98):S37–S40. - PubMed
    1. Coresh J, Astor BC, Greene T, Eknoyan G, Levey AS. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;41:1–12. - PubMed
    1. Saydah S, Eberhardt M, Rios-Burrows N, Williams D, Geiss L, Dorsey R. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and associated risk factors - United States, 1999–2004. MMWR. 2007;56:161–165. - PubMed
    1. Collins A, Kasiske B, Herzog C, Chavers B, Foley R, et al. 2006 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease & End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49(Suppl 1):S10–S223. - PubMed

Publication types

MeSH terms