Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2009 Aug;56(6-7):370-5.
doi: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01197.x.

Risk factors for encephalitis from West Nile Virus: a matched case-control study using hospitalized controls

K O Murray  1 , E Koers, S Baraniuk, E Herrington, H Carter, M Sierra, C Kilborn, R Arafat
Affiliations

Risk factors for encephalitis from West Nile Virus: a matched case-control study using hospitalized controls

K O Murray et al. Zoonoses Public Health. 2009 Aug.

Abstract

We conducted a case-control study to determine risk factors for developing encephalitis among West Nile virus cases when compared with age-, gender and race/ethnicity-matched hospitalized controls. In the multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis, we identified the following independent risk factors associated with being an encephalitis case: hypertension (OR 4.0; P = 0.005), immunosuppressing conditions (OR 5.6; P = 0.001) and cardiovascular disease (OR = 28.3; P < 0.001). Individuals with these comorbidities should be targeted for education on protecting themselves from mosquito exposures.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

  • Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs underlie West Nile virus encephalitis in ∼40% of patients.
    Gervais A, Rovida F, Avanzini MA, Croce S, Marchal A, Lin SC, Ferrari A, Thorball CW, Constant O, Le Voyer T, Philippot Q, Rosain J, Angelini M, Pérez Lorenzo M, Bizien L, Achille C, Trespidi F, Burdino E, Cassaniti I, Lilleri D, Fornara C, Sammartino JC, Cereda D, Marrocu C, Piralla A, Valsecchi C, Ricagno S, Cogo P, Neth O, Marín-Cruz I, Pacenti M, Sinigaglia A, Trevisan M, Volpe A, Marzollo A, Conti F, Lazzarotto T, Pession A, Viale P, Fellay J, Ghirardello S, Aubart M, Ghisetti V, Aiuti A, Jouanguy E, Bastard P, Percivalle E, Baldanti F, Puel A, MacDonald MR, Rice CM, Rossini G, Murray KO, Simonin Y, Nagy A, Barzon L, Abel L, Diamond MS, Cobat A, Zhang SY, Casanova JL, Borghesi A. Gervais A, et al. J Exp Med. 2023 Sep 4;220(9):e20230661. doi: 10.1084/jem.20230661. Epub 2023 Jun 22. J Exp Med. 2023. PMID: 37347462 Free PMC article.
  • Morbidity, mortality and long-term sequelae of West Nile virus disease in Québec.
    Ouhoumanne N, Lowe AM, Fortin A, Kairy D, Vibien A, K-Lensch J, Tannenbaum TN, Milord F. Ouhoumanne N, et al. Epidemiol Infect. 2018 May;146(7):867-874. doi: 10.1017/S0950268818000687. Epub 2018 Mar 28. Epidemiol Infect. 2018. PMID: 29587891 Free PMC article.
  • Ears of the Armadillo: Global Health Research and Neglected Diseases in Texas.
    Andrus J, Bottazzi ME, Chow J, Goraleski KA, Fisher-Hoch SP, Lambuth JK, Lee BY, Margolis HS, McCormick JB, Melby P, Murray KO, Rico-Hesse R, Valenzuela JG, Hotez PJ. Andrus J, et al. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013 Jun 27;7(6):e2021. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002021. Print 2013 Jun. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2013. PMID: 23826397 Free PMC article. No abstract available.
  • Demographic and clinical factors associated with persistent symptoms after West Nile virus infection.
    Cook RL, Xu X, Yablonsky EJ, Sakata N, Tripp JH, Hess R, Piazza P, Rinaldo CR. Cook RL, et al. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Nov;83(5):1133-6. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0717. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010. PMID: 21036852 Free PMC article.
  • West Nile virus and its emergence in the United States of America.
    Murray KO, Mertens E, Despres P. Murray KO, et al. Vet Res. 2010 Nov-Dec;41(6):67. doi: 10.1051/vetres/2010039. Vet Res. 2010. PMID: 21188801 Free PMC article. Review.
See all "Cited by" articles

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources