The impact of human papillomavirus information on perceived risk of cervical cancer

Abstract

There is a need to develop public education about the link between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer. Explaining that a sexually transmitted virus causes cervical cancer may affect perceived risk of cervical cancer. We hypothesized that presenting HPV information would have differential effects depending on age and screening attendance. Data were collected during face-to-face interviews with a sample of British women age 16 to 75 years who had not heard of HPV before (n = 965). A repeated measures design was used, assessing perceived risk of cervical cancer before and after providing information about HPV. Perceived risk was assessed using a comparative risk measure with a five-point response scale. Preinformation, the mean perceived risk score was 2.64 (SE, 0.03). Overall, presentation of HPV information did not have an effect on perceived risk of cervical cancer [chi(2)(1) = .72; P = 0.396], but as expected, there was a significant time by age interaction for the change in perceived risk [chi(2)(5) = 33.56; P < 0.001], which increased in the youngest age group (16-25 years) and decreased in the oldest age group (65-75 years). In a separate analysis with women in the screening age range (25-64 years; n = 709), there was a significant time by screening attendance interaction [chi(2)(1) = 5.25; P = 0.022], with an increase in perceived risk among women who did not regularly attend screening. This is the first study to examine the effect of HPV information on perceived risk across different population groups. Interventions to increase awareness of HPV could benefit from tailoring information to prescreening age, screening age, and postscreening age women.

Figure 1

Perceived risk before and after HPV information in different age groups (n=965)

Figure 2

Perceived risk before and after information in relation to screening attendance (n=709)