Enteroviruses in patients with acute encephalitis, uttar pradesh, India

Abstract

An outbreak of viral encephalitis occurred in northern India in 2006. Attempts to identify an etiologic agent in cerebrospinal fluid by using reverse transcription-PCR showed positivity to enterovirus (EV) in 66 (21.6%) of 306 patients. Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses of PCR products from 59 (89.3%) of 66 specimens showed similarity with EV-89 and EV-76 sequences.

Figure 1

Phylogenetic tree based on partial 5’ noncoding region sequences of enterovirus (EV) genome detected in cerebrospinal fluid samples from encephalitis patients. Specimens are identified by repository serial numbers obtained from the National Institute of Virology (NIV), Pune, India. GenBank accession nos. EU672893–EU762967 indicate the nucleotide sequences of EV strains of the present study. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. EV, enterovirus; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CV-A, coxsackie virus A; CV-B, coxsackie virus B; HEV, human enterovirus.

Figure 2

Phylogenetic tree based on partial virion protein 1 (VP1) sequences (2602–2977) detected in enterovirus (EV) isolates and clinical specimens from encephalitis patients. GenBank accession nos. indicate the nucleotide sequences of EV strains of the present study. Scale bar indicates nucleotide substitutions per site. EV, enterovirus; CV-A, coxsackie virus A; CV-B, coxsackie virus B; HEV, human enterovirus; NIV, National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.