Manifestations of temporary symptoms during endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy using thrombin as a sclerosant

Abstract

We performed 93 sclerotherapy sessions on liver cirrhosis patients with recurrent variceal bleedings. In each session, hypertonic glucose, thrombin and 1% polidocanol were consecutively injected into the varices, and changes in the hemostatic system were examined in relation to the symptoms observed during the treatment. Patients underwent sclerotherapy with no complaints in 62 (67%) sessions, and complained of slight symptoms of general fatigue and headache in 19 (20%). In the other 12 (13%) sessions, the procedure was discontinued due to marked manifestations of these symptoms. All symptoms were temporary and disappeared completely after the procedure. These temporary symptoms were closely related to changes in coagulation tests similar to those of disseminated intravascular coagulation, which were observed just after the treatment. Possible activation of the renal kallikrein-kinin system following injection sclerotherapy was also demonstrated.