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Review
. 2009 Apr;57(4):583-9.
doi: 10.2310/JIM.0b013e31819dbb91.

Social environmental stressors, psychological factors, and kidney disease

Marino A Bruce  1 , Bettina M Beech, Mario Sims, Tony N Brown, Sharon B Wyatt, Herman A Taylor, David R Williams, Errol Crook
Affiliations
Review

Social environmental stressors, psychological factors, and kidney disease

Marino A Bruce et al. J Investig Med. 2009 Apr.

Abstract

Kidney disease is one of the most striking examples of health disparities in American public health. Disparities in the prevalence and progression of kidney disease are generally thought to be a function of group differences in the prevalence of kidney disease risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. However, the presence of these comorbidities does not completely explain the elevated rate of progression from chronic kidney disease (CKD) to end-stage renal disease among high-risk populations such as African Americans. We believe that the social environment is an important element in the pathway from CKD risk factors to CKD and end-stage renal disease. This review of the literature draws heavily from social science and social epidemiology to present a conceptual frame specifying how social, economic, and psychosocial factors interact to affect the risks for and the progression of kidney disease.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest: The authors have no financial conflicts of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Heuristic model of the associations between social environment, psychosocial factors, behavioral factors, CKD risk factors, and CKD progression and complications.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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