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. 2009 Jan;12(1):77-82.
doi: 10.1089/jpm.2008.9690.

Study design, precision, and validity in observational studies

Melissa D A Carlson  1 , R Sean Morrison
Affiliations

Study design, precision, and validity in observational studies

Melissa D A Carlson et al. J Palliat Med. 2009 Jan.
No abstract available

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Figures

FIG. 1.
FIG. 1.
Cohort study design
FIG. 2.
FIG. 2.
Case-control study design.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Carlson MD. Morrison RS. User's guide to research in palliative care: Why is a new series needed? J Palliat Med. 2008;11:1258–1261. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Black N. Why we need observational studies to evaluate the effectiveness of health care. BMJ. 1996;312:1215–1218. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Mamdani M. Sykora K. Li P. Normand SL. Streiner DL. Austin PC. Rochon PA. Anderson GM. Reader's guide to critical appraisal of cohort studies: 2. Assessing potential for confounding. BMJ. 2005;330:960–962. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rochon PA. Gurwitz JH. Sykora K. Mamdani M. Streiner DL. Garfinkel S. Normand SL. Anderson GM. Reader's guide to critical appraisal of cohort studies: 1. Role and design. BMJ. 2005;330:895–897. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Rothman KJ. Greenland S. Modern Epidemiology. Second. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1998.

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