"Postural Management" to prevent hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy

Abstract

Muscolo-skeletal disorders and hip deformity play a key role on future development of motor and adaptive functions in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Lateral migration of the femoral head increases on average 7.7% per year and may progress in association with acetabular dysplasia to hip dislocation. Conservative preservation of muscle length and balance may prevent or reduce femoral head migration and acetabular dysplasia. Equipment for position lying, sitting, and standing is an established method of maintaining muscle length and joint range. French approach (Le Métayer et al) include the use of customised plaster cast orthoses, for sitting and standing positions, called siège moulé and gouttière, tailor-made according to the child's muscolo-skeletal characteristics and motor abilities. At our department, hips with clinical and radiological evidence of displacement unresponsive to pharmacological and surgical treatment were treated with postural management. The two cases we show in this paper underwent a physiotherapy programme (neurodevelopment treatment) twice a week and a seated postural programme 5 hours a day with the siège moulé. Hip radiographs were measured with the migration percentage (MP) described by Reimers. The follow-up measurements showed a progressive reduction of MP values of the hip treated, confirming the significant benefit from the combined non surgical approach. The study supports the evidence that conservative management of hip deformity with siège moulé can be successful if implemented before the development of hip dysplasia.