Effect of beta adrenergic blocking drugs on the renin-aldosterone system, sodium excretion, and renal hemodynamics in cirrhosis with ascites

Abstract

As a result of effective beta adrenergic blockade with either propranolol or practolol, plasma renin activity was suppressed in all of 11 patients with cirrhosis and ascites. In contrast, the effect on the rate of renal excretion of aldosterone was variable, suggesting that factors other than the renin-angiotension system are responsible for the control of aldosterone secretion in cirrhosis. The changes in aldosterone could not be explained on the basis of changes in the plasma concentrations of potassium or sodium. The renal sodium excretion was inversely related to the values for aldosterone both before and after beta adrenergic blockade, indicating a major role for aldosterone in regulating sodium excretion. A number of patients had an abnormal intrarenal distribution of plasma flow with a relative hypoperfusion of the renin-secreting outer cortical nephrons. Plasma renin activity was inversely related to outer cortical plasma flow, suggesting that the reduced outer cortical flow may be a stimulus to increased renin secretion. Because the abnormal intrarenal hemodynamic pattern was not corrected by suppression of plasma renin activity, and presumably angiotension II concentrations, it is unlikely that it is attributable to the known renal vasonconstrictor effects of angiotensin II.