Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Editorial
. 2009 Apr;6(2):136-40.
doi: 10.1177/1740774509103868.

The calibration of treatment effects from clinical trials to target populations

Constantine Frangakis
Editorial

The calibration of treatment effects from clinical trials to target populations

Constantine Frangakis. Clin Trials. 2009 Apr.
No abstract available

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
An example of calibrating treatment effects using post-treatment measures from an RCT (a) to a study in the target population (b) using two methods. The first method, represented in the left panel of (b), borrows from (a) the survival probabilities in the principal strata (thus generalizing causal effects); the second method, represented in the right panel of (b), borrows from (a) the survival probabilities on the strata of observed assignment arm and treatment received. Dashed boxes represent principal strata; solid boxes represent strata defined by assignment arm (old/new in italics) and treatment actually received (old/new in bold)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment on

References

    1. Hernan MA, Alonso A, Logan R, et al. Observational studies analyzed like randomized experiments: an application to postmenopausal hormone therapy and coronary heart disease. Epidemiology. 2008;19:766–779. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Dehejia HR, Wahba S. Causal effects in nonexperimental studies: reevaluating the evaluation of training Programs. Journal of the American Statistical Association. 1999;94:1053–1062.
    1. Weisberg HI, Hayden V, Pontes V. Selection criteria and generalizability within the counterfactual framework: explaining the paradox of antidepressant-induced suicidality? Clin Trials. 2009;6:109–118. - PubMed
    1. Rubin DB. Estimating causal effects of treatments in randomized and non-randomized studies. Journal of Educational Psychology. 1974;66:688–701.
    1. Rubin DB. Bayesian inference for causal effects: the role of randomization. Annals of Statistics. 1978;6:34–58.

LinkOut - more resources