Microbicides: chemistry, structure, and strategy
- PMID: 19373020
- DOI: 10.1097/COH.0b013e32830ab9dd
Microbicides: chemistry, structure, and strategy
Abstract
Purpose of review: To highlight promising areas of research and preview future generations of microbicides, this review will focus on reports that described new cellular or viral targets, drug substances, or strategies that are specifically intended for topical microbicides. Those reports that dealt with the design, discovery, and synthesis of anti-HIV agents for use in oral or parenteral formulations, while important for the microbicide field, are beyond the scope of this review.
Recent findings: Drug substances intended for topical microbicides are becoming increasingly target specific and, structurally, more complex. New production methods might reduce the cost of microbicides that contain these complex molecules. Genetically engineered probiotic vaginal bacteria express an even wider range of antiviral compounds, perhaps resulting in uninterrupted, coitally independent protection. Combination microbicides that contain two or more drug substances frequently act synergistically. The discovery of new cellular targets such as syndecan-3 might lead to more effective microbicides.
Summary: Future generations of microbicides will likely contain one or more complex or highly specific drug substances, resulting in safer and more effective products. Since compliance issues continue to confound HIV and herpes simplex virus trials, efforts to bring practical, coitally independent microbicides to developing countries will become a top priority.
Similar articles
-
Microbicide delivery: formulation technologies and strategies.Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2008 Sep;3(5):558-66. doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e328305b96e. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2008. PMID: 19373022
-
Microbicides: a new frontier in HIV prevention.Biologicals. 2006 Dec;34(4):241-55. doi: 10.1016/j.biologicals.2006.08.002. Epub 2006 Nov 13. Biologicals. 2006. PMID: 17097303 Review.
-
The future of HIV prevention: prospects for an effective anti-HIV microbicide.Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2007 Mar;21(1):219-39, x. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2007.01.009. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2007. PMID: 17502237
-
Nano-microbicides: challenges in drug delivery, patient ethics and intellectual property in the war against HIV/AIDS.Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010 Mar 18;62(4-5):532-46. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2009.11.022. Epub 2009 Nov 14. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2010. PMID: 19922751 Review.
-
Mathematical models and health economic aspects of microbicides.Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2008 Sep;3(5):587-92. doi: 10.1097/COH.0b013e328305b959. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2008. PMID: 19373026
Cited by
-
Cervicovaginal safety of the formulated, biguanide-based human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) inhibitor NB325 in a murine model.J Biomed Biotechnol. 2011;2011:941061. doi: 10.1155/2011/941061. Epub 2011 Oct 24. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2011. PMID: 22131821 Free PMC article.
-
Development and Characterization of a Vaginal Film Containing Dapivirine, a Non- nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI), for prevention of HIV-1 sexual transmission.Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2011 Jun 1;1(3):209-222. doi: 10.1007/s13346-011-0022-6. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2011. PMID: 22708075 Free PMC article.
LinkOut - more resources
Full Text Sources
Research Materials