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. 2009 Jul;96(7):827-34.
doi: 10.1007/s00114-009-0541-x. Epub 2009 Apr 29.

Cold winter temperatures condition the egg-hatching dynamics of a grape disease vector

Julien Chuche  1 , Denis Thiéry
Affiliations

Cold winter temperatures condition the egg-hatching dynamics of a grape disease vector

Julien Chuche et al. Naturwissenschaften. 2009 Jul.

Abstract

The leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus is the vector of a major phytoplasma grapevine disease, Flavescence dorée. The vector's distribution is in Eastern and Northern Europe, and its population dynamics varies as a function of vineyard latitude. We tested the hypothesis that hatching dynamics are cued by cold temperatures observed in winter. We exposed eggs from a natural population to simulated "cold" and "mild" winters and varied the exposure time at 5 degrees C from 0 to 63 days. We show that temperature cooling mainly affected the onset of hatching and is negatively correlated to the cold time exposure. The majority of hatchings occurred more quickly in cold rather than in mild winter simulated conditions, but there was no significant difference between the duration of hatching of eggs whatever the cold time exposure. In agreement with the Northern American origin of the vector, the diapause termination and thus the timing regulation of egg hatching require cold winters.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
European vineyards with S. titanus occurrence. Arrows represent directions and importance of expansion of the insect since its first discovery in Southern France. Asterisks Occurrence reported in Croatia by Gabrijel in 1987
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Temperature program of simulated Burgundy (cold) and Bordeaux (mild) winters
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
a Cumulative percentage of hatching (Kaplan–Meier; non marked lines) and dynamics of hatchings in percentage of the overall (marked lines) of egg populations subjected to a Burgundy (cold) or a Bordeaux (mild) winter. b Cumulative percentage of hatching (Kaplan–Meier) from egg populations subjected to different 5 °C durations: 0, 20, 28, 36, 49, and 65 days. The no statistical different curves (28, 36, and 49 days) were pooled into a single curve
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