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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2009 May 15;23(8):929-39.
doi: 10.1097/qad.0b013e32832995fa.

HIV increases markers of cardiovascular risk: results from a randomized, treatment interruption trial

Alexandra Calmy  1 , Angele Gayet-Ageron, Fabrizio Montecucco, Alain Nguyen, Francois Mach, Fabienne Burger, Sasiwimol Ubolyam, Andrew Carr, Kiat Ruxungtham, Bernard Hirschel, Jintanat Ananworanich; STACCATO Study Group
Collaborators, Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

HIV increases markers of cardiovascular risk: results from a randomized, treatment interruption trial

Alexandra Calmy et al. AIDS. .

Abstract

Objectives: Plasma soluble inflammatory molecules are associated with the risk of ischaemic cardiovascular events. We investigated whether HIV replication modified the levels of these proteins in a combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) interruption trial.

Method and results: In 145 HIV-infected Thai patients (62% women, median CD4 cell count 271 cells/microl, median plasma HIV-RNA 4.66 log10 copies/ml) included in the Swiss-Thai-Australia Treatment Interruption Trial (STACCATO) trial, leptin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (s-VCAM-1), P-selectin, chemokine ligand 2, chemokine ligand 3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and D-dimer were measured before cART was initiated, after cART had suppressed HIV replication to less than 50 copies/ml plasma (median 8 months) and again 12 weeks after randomization to continued cART (n=48) or interrupted cART (n=97). Multiple linear regression and logistic regression were used to investigate the association between each cardiovascular marker and plasma HIV-RNA. Initiation of cART resulted in significant declines in s-VCAM-1, P-selectin, leptin and D-dimer, whereas mediators with anti-inflammatory properties, such as adiponectin and IL-10, increased. At 12 weeks after randomization, we found positive associations between levels of s-VCAM-1 and chemokine ligand 2 with an increase in plasma HIV-RNA (r=0.271, P=0.001 and r=0.24, P=0.005, respectively), whereas levels of adiponectin decreased for each 1 log increase in plasma HIVRNA (r=-0.24, P=0.002). Detectable IL-10 was less likely (odds ratio = 0.64, 95% confidence interval = 0.43-0.96) for each 1 log increase in plasma HIV-RNA.

Conclusion: Plasma levels of several inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and endothelial activation markers of cardiovascular disease are associated with HIV-RNA replication.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00113126.

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