Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2009 Jul;33(7):1089-98.
doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2009.05.004. Epub 2009 May 20.

Restraint stress in biobehavioral research: Recent developments

Tatyana Buynitsky  1 , David I Mostofsky
Affiliations
Review

Restraint stress in biobehavioral research: Recent developments

Tatyana Buynitsky et al. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2009 Jul.

Abstract

In the 15 years since the publication of two previous reviews on restraint stress much advancement has been made in the field. However, while previous reviews have focused mainly on drug effects, recent research has focused on broader implications in the health fields. This research has placed an increased emphasis on stress effects in physiological, immunological, endocrine and developmental processes as well as the impact of stress on numerous disorders. A major problem with our review was the inability to identify a large number of articles focusing on restraint and immobilization, since those keywords were often omitted from the title or not referred to within the body of the article. It seems likely that additional reviews with extended literature research of this field are required.

PubMed Disclaimer